11.) Training tools.

The list of tools required for positive reinforcement training is short. All you really need is something as a reward. This could be a food-treat or a toy. There are however some other items that can be helpful:

Markers: You can either use your voice to mark a reward or a clicker. Check out Karen Pryor on Wikipedia for more information on clicker training.

Restrains: A leash and a collar can be very useful if your dog tends to take off with his reward. You can use a plain snap collar and 6 foot leash. My dogs always wear their metal "fursaver" chain collars since this is the only collar permitted in Schutzhund trials and competitions. In my opinion, and unless of course your dog shows aggression towards you, pinch collars don't belong in basic obedience training sessions...